Biomechanical Comparison of Salvage Pedicle Screw Augmentations Using Different Biomaterials

Allograft bone particles, hydroxyapatite/β-hydroxyapatite-tricalcium phosphate (HA/β-TCP), calcium sulfate (CS), and polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) cement are biomaterials clinically used to fill defective pedicles for pedicle screw augmentation. Few studies have systematically investigated the effects of various utilized salvage stabilization. The aim this study was evaluate biomechanical properties screws augmented with these four different materials effect pilot hole sizes densities on fixation strength. Commercially available synthetic bones three (7.5 pcf, 15pcf, 30 pcf) simulating degrees density were as substitutes human bone. Two (3.2 mm 7.0 in diameter) prepared test blocks simulate primary revision fixation, respectively. Following separate specimen preparation filling biomaterials, a pullout conducted using material machine, average maximal strength compared among groups. materials, presented descending order, follows: cement, sulfate, HA/β-TCP, allograft chips control. In samples both 3.2 pilot-hole groups, increased increasing density. (7.0 mm) apparently elevated 7.5 pcf block. Salvage augmentation chips, all feasible methods can offer better than non-augmentation group. Bone provides most significantly each size setting could be considered preferentially achieve larger initial stability during surgery, especially osteoporotic quality.